SANS Internet Storm Center Daily Network Security 5o6b5w

Another day, another phishing campaign abusing google.com open redirects Google s links from it s maps page to hotel listings do suffer from an open redirect vulnerability that is actively exploited to direct s to phishing pages. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Another%20day%2C%20another%20phishing%20campaign%20abusing%20google.com%20open%20redirects/31950 Adobe Patches Adobe patched 12 different applications. Of particular interest is the update to ColdFusion, which fixes several arbitrary code execution and arbitrary file read problems. https://helpx.adobe.com/security/security-bulletin.html Samsung Patches magicInfo 9 Again Samsung released a new patch for the already exploited magicInfo 9 CMS vulnerability. While the description is identical to the patch released last August, a new CVE number is used. https://security.samsungtv.com/securityUpdates#SVP-MAY-2025 Ivanti Patches Critical Ivanti Neurons Flaw Ivanti released a patch for Ivanti Neurons for ITSM (on-prem only) fixing a critical authentication by vulnerability. Ivanti also points to its guidance to secure the underlying IIS server to make exploitation of flaws like this more difficult

Microsoft Patch Tuesday Microsoft patched 70-78 vulnerabilities (depending on how you count them). Five of these vulnerabilities are already being exploited. In particular, a remote code execution vulnerability in the scripting engine should be taken seriously. It requires the Microsoft Edge browser to run in Internet Explorer mode. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Microsoft%20Patch%20Tuesday%3A%20May%202025/31946 Security Advisory Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile (EPMM) May 2025 (CVE-2025-4427 and CVE-2025-4428) Ivanti patched an authentication by vulnerability and a remote code execution vulnerability. The authentication by can exploit the remote code execution vulnerability without authenticating first. https://forums.ivanti.com/s/article/Security-Advisory-Ivanti-Endpoint-Manager-Mobile-EPMM?language=en_US Fortinet Patches Exploited Vulnerability in API (CVE-2025-32756) Fortinet patched an already exploited stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the API of multiple Fortinet products. The vulnerability is exploited via crafted HTTP requests. https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-25-254

Apple Updates Everything Apple patched all of its operating systems. This update ports a patch for a recently exploited vulnerability to older versions of iOS and macOS. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/31942 It Is 2025, And We Are Still Dealing With Default IoT s And Stupid 2013 Router Vulnerabilities Versions of the Mirai botnet are attacking devices made by Unipi Technology. These devices are using a specific name and combination. In addition, this version of the Mirai botnet will also attempt exploits against an old Netgear vulnerability. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/It%20Is%202025%2C%20And%20We%20Are%20Still%20Dealing%20With%20Default%20IoT%20s%20And%20Stupid%202013%20Router%20Vulnerabilities/31940 Output Messenger Vulnerability The internal messenger application Output Messenger is currently used in sophisticated attacks. Attackers are exploiting a path traversal vulnerability that has not been fixed. https://www.outputmessenger.com/cve-2025-27920/ Commvault Correction Commvault s patch indeed fixes the recent vulnerability. The Pioneer Release Will Dormann used to experiment will only offer patches after it has been ed, which leads to an error when assessing the patch s efficacy. https://www.darkreading.com/application-security/commvault-patch-works-as-intended

Steganography Challenge Didier revealed the solution to last weekend s cryptography challenge. The image used the same encoding scheme as Didier described before, but the columns and rows were transposed. https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/Steganography%20Challenge%3A%20My%20Solution/31912/ FBI Warns of End-of-life routers The FBI is tracking larger botnets taking advantage of unpatched routers. Many of these routers are end-of-life, and no patches are available for the exploited vulnerabilities. The attackers are turning the devices into proxies, which are resold for various criminal activities. https://www.ic3.gov/PSA/2025/PSA250507 ASUS Driverhub Vulnerability ASUS Driverhub software does not properly check the origin of HTTP requests, allowing a CSRF attack from any website leading to arbitrary code execution. https://mrbruh.com/asusdriverhub/ RV-Tools SEO Poisoning Varonis Threat Labs observed SEO poisoning being used to trick system s into installing a malicious version of RV Tools. The malicious version includes a remote access tool leading to the theft of credentials https://www.varonis.com/blog/seo-poisoning#initial-access-and-persistence

No Internet Access: SSH to the Rescue If faced with restrictive outbound network access policies, a single inbound SSH connection can quickly be turned into a tunnel or a full-blown VPN https://isc.sans.edu/diary/No%20Internet%20Access%3F%20SSH%20to%20the%20Rescue!/31932 SAMSUNG magicINFO 9 Server Flaw Still exploitable The SAMSUNG magicINFO 9 Server Vulnerability we found being exploited last week is apparently still not completely patched, and current versions are vulnerable to the exploit observed in the wild. https://www.huntress.com/blog/rapid-response-samsung-magicinfo9-server-flaw Bring Your Own Installer: Bying SentinelOne Through Agent Version Change Interruption SentinelOne s installer is vulnerable to an exploit allowing attackers to shut down the end point protection software https://www.aon.com/en/insights/cyber-labs/bring-your-own-installer-bying-sentinelone Commvault Still Exploitable A recent patch for Commvault is apparently ineffective and the PoC exploit published by watchTowr is still working against up to date patched systems https://infosec.exchange/@wdormann/114458913006792356

Example of Modular Malware Xavier analyzes modular malware that s DLLs from GitHub if specific features are required. In particular, the webcam module is inspected in detail. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Example%20of%20%22Modular%22%20Malware/31928 Sysaid XXE Vulnerabilities IT Service Management Software Sysaid patched a number of XXE vulnerabilities. Without authentication, an attacker is able to obtain confidential data and completely compromise the system. watchTowr published a detailed analysis of the flaws including exploit code. https://labs.watchtowr.com/sysowned-your-friendly-rce--ticket/ Cisco IOS XE Wireless Controller Software Arbitrary File Vulnerability Cisco Patched a vulnerability in its wireless controller software that may be used to not only files but also execute code as root without authentication. https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-wlc-file-uplpd-rHZG9UfC Unifi Protect Camera Vulnerability Ubiquity patched a vulnerability in its Protect camera firmware fixing a buffer overflow flaw. https://community.ui.com/releases/Security-Advisory-Bulletin-047-047/cef86c37-7421-44fd-b251-84e76475a5bc

Python InfoStealer with Embedded Phishing Webserver Didier found an interesting infostealer that, in addition to implementing typical infostealer functionality, includes a web server suitable to create local phishing sites. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Python%20InfoStealer%20with%20Embedded%20Phishing%20Webserver/31924 Android Update Fixes Freetype 0-Day Google released its monthly Android update. As part of the update, it patched a vulnerability in Freetype that is already being exploited. Android is not alone in using Freetype. Freetype is a very commonly used library to parse fonts like Truetype fonts. https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/2025-05-01 CISA Warns of Unsophistacted Cyber Actors CISA released an interesting title report warning operators of operational technology networks of ubiquitous attacks by unsophisticated actors. It emphasizes how important it is to not forget basic security measures to defend against these attacks. https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2025/05/06/unsophisticated-cyber-actors-targeting-operational-technology

Mirai Now Exploits Samsung MagicINFO CMS CVE-2024-7399 The Mirai botnet added a new vulnerability to its arsenal. This vulnerability, a file and remote code execution vulnerability in Samsung s MagicInfo 9 CMS, was patched last August but attracted new attention last week after being mostly ignored so far. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Mirai+Now+Exploits+Samsung+MagicINFO+CMS+CVE20247399/31920 New Kali Linux g Key The Kali Linux maintainers lost access to the secret key used to sign packages. s must install a new key that will be used going forward. https://www.kali.org/blog/new-kali-archive-g-key/ The Risk of Default Configuration: How Out-of-the-Box Helm Charts Can Breach Your Cluster Many out-of-the-box Helm charts for Kubernetes applications deploy vulnerable configurations with exposed ports and no authentication https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/blog/microsoftdefendercloudblog/the-risk-of-default-configuration-how-out-of-the-box-helm-charts-can-breach-your/4409560

Steganography Challenge Didier published a fun steganography challenge. A solution will be offered on Saturday. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Steganography+Challenge/31910 Microsoft Makes keys Default Authentication Method Microsoft is now encouraging new s to use keys as the default and only method, further moving away from s https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2025/05/01/pushing-keys-forward-microsofts-latest-updates-for-simpler-safer-s/ Microsoft Authenticator Autofill Changes Microsoft will no longer the use of Microsoft authenticator as a safe. Instead, it will move s to the prefill feature built into Microsoft Edge. This change will start in June and should be completed in August at which point you must have moved your credentials out of Microsoft Authenticator https://.microsoft.com/en-gb/-billing/changes-to-microsoft-authenticator-autofill-09fd75df-dc04-4477-9619-811510805ab6 Backdoor found in popular e-commerce components SANSEC identified several backdoored Magento e-commerce components. These backdoors were installed as far back as 2019 but only recently activated, at which point they became known. Affected vendors dispute any compromise at this point. https://sansec.io/research/license-backdoor

Steganography Analysis With pngdump.py: Bitstreams More details from Didiear as to how to extract binary content hidden inside images https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Steganography%20Analysis%20With%20pngdump.py%3A%20Bitstreams/31904 Using Trusted Protocols Against You: Gmail as a C2 Mechanism Attackers are using typosquatting to trick developers into installing malicious python packages. These python packages will use GMail as a command and control channel by sending email to hard coded GMail s https://socket.dev/blog/using-trusted-protocols-against-you-gmail-as-a-c2-mechanism Security Brief: French BEC Threat Actor Targets Property Payments A French business email compromise threat actor is targeting property management firms to send emails to tenents tricking them into sending rent payments to fake bank s https://www.proofpoint.com/us/blog/threat-insight/security-brief-french-bec-threat-actor-targets-property-payments SANS.edu Research Journal https://isc.sans.edu/j/research

Web Scanning for Sonicwall Vulnerabilities CVE-2021-20016 For the last week, scans for Sonicwall API and domain endpoints have skyrocketed. These attacks may be exploiting an older vulnerability or just attempting to brute force credentials. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Web%20Scanning%20Sonicwall%20for%20CVE-2021-20016/31906 The Wizards APT Group SLAAC Spoofing Adversary in the Middle Attacks ESET published an article with details regarding an IPv6-linked attack they have observed. Attackers use router ments to inject fake recursive DNS servers that are used to inject IP addresses for hostnames used to update software. This leads to the victim ing malware instead of legitimate updates. https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/thewizards-apt-group-slaac-spoofing-adversary-in-the-middle-attacks/ Windows RDP Access is Possible with Old Credentials Credential caching may lead to Windows allowing RDP s with old credentials. https://arstechnica.com/security/2025/04/windows-rdp-lets-you-log-in-using-revoked-s-microsoft-is-ok-with-that/?comments-page=1#comments

More Scans for SMS Gateways and APIs Attackers are not just looking for SMS Gateways like the scans we reported on last week, but they are also actively scanning for other ways to use APIs and add on tools to send messages using other people s credentials. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/More%20Scans%20for%20SMS%20Gateways%20and%20APIs/31902 AirBorne: AirPlay Vulnerabilities Researchers at Oligo revealed over 20 weaknesses they found in Apple s implementation of the AirPlay protocol. These vulnerabilities can be abused to execute code or launch denial-of-service attacks against affected devices. Apple patched the vulnerabilities in recent updates. https://www.oligo.security/blog/airborne

SRUM-DUMP Version 3: Uncovering Malware Activity in Forensics Mark Baggett released SRUM-DUMP Version 3. The tool simplifies data extraction from Widnows System Resource Usage Monitor (SRUM). This database logs how much resources software used for 30 days, and is invaluable to find out what software was executed when and if it sent or received network data. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/SRUM-DUMP%20Version%203%3A%20Uncovering%20Malware%20Activity%20in%20Forensics/31896 Novel Universal By For All Major LLMS Hidden Layer discovered a new prompt injection technique that byes security constraints in large language models. The technique uses an XML formatted prequel for a prompt, which appears to the LLM as a policy file. This Policy Puppetry can be used to rewrite some of the security policies configured for LLMs. Unlike other techniques, this technique works across multiple LLMs without changing the policy. https://hiddenlayer.com/innovation-hub/novel-universal-by-for-all-major-llms/ CHOICEJACKING: Compromising Mobile Devices through Malicious Chargers like a Decade ago The old Juice Jacking is back, at least if you do not run the latest version of Android or iOS. This issue may allow a malicious USB device, particularly a USB charger, to take control of a device connected to it. https://pure.tugraz.at/ws/portalfiles/portal/89650227/Final_Paper_Usenix.pdf SANS @RSA: https://www.sans.org/mlp/rsac/

Example of a Payload Delivered Through Steganography Xavier and Didier published two diaries this weekend, building on each other. First, Xavier showed an example of an image being used to smuggle an executable past network defenses, and second, Didier showed how to use his tools to extract the binary. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Example%20of%20a%20Payload%20Delivered%20Through%20Steganography/31892 SAP Netweaver Exploited CVE-2025-31324 An arbitrary file vulnerability in SAP s Netweaver product is actively exploited to webshells. Reliaquest discovered the issue. Reliaquest reports that they saw it being abused to the Brute Ratel C2 framework. s of Netweaver must turn off the developmentserver alias and disable visual composer, and the application was deprecated for about 10 years. SAP has released an emergency update for the issue. https://reliaquest.com/blog/threat-spotlight-reliaquest-uncovers-vulnerability-behind-sap-netweaver-compromise/ https://onapsis.com/blog/active-exploitation-of-sap-vulnerability-cve-2025-31324/ Any.Run Reports False Positive s Due to false positives caused by MS Defender XDR flagging Adobe Acrobat Cloud links as malicious, many s of Any.Run s free tier ed confidential documents to Any.Run. Anyrun blocked these s for now but reminded s to be cautious about what documents are being ed. https://x.com/anyrun_app/status/1915429758516560190

Attacks against Teltonika Networks SMS Gateways Attackers are actively scanning for SMS Gateways. These attacks take advantage of default s and other commonly used s. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Attacks%20against%20Teltonika%20Networks%20SMS%20Gateways/31888 Commvault Vulnerability CVE-2205-34028 Commvault, about a week ago, published an advisory and a fix for a vulnerability in its backup software. watchTowr now released a detailed writeup and exploit for the vulnerability https://labs.watchtowr.com/fire-in-the-hole-were-breaching-the-vault-commvault-remote-code-execution-cve-2025-34028/ Exploitation Trends Q1 2025 Vulncheck published a summary of exploitation trends, pointing out that about a quarter of vulnerabilities are exploited a day after a patch is made available. https://vulncheck.com/blog/exploitation-trends-q1-2025 inetpub directory issues The inetpub directory introduced by Microsoft in its April patch may lead to a denial of service against applying patches on Windows if an attacker can create a junction for that location pointing to an existing system binary like Notepad. https://doublepulsar.com/microsofts-patch-for-cve-2025-21204-symlink-vulnerability-introduces-another-symlink-vulnerability-9ea085537741

Honeypot Iptables Maintenance and DShield-SIEM Logging In this diary, Jesse is talking about some of the tasks to maintain a honeypot, like keeping filebeats up to date and adjusting configurations in case your dynamic IP address changes https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Honeypot%20Iptables%20Maintenance%20and%20DShield-SIEM%20Logging/31876 XRPL.js Compromised An unknown actor was able to push malicious updates of the XRPL.js library to NPM. The library is officially recommended for writing Riple (RPL) cryptocurrency code. The malicious library exfiltrated secret keys to the attacker https://www.aikido.dev/blog/xrp-supplychain-attack-official-npm-package-infected-with-crypto-stealing-backdoor https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl.js/security/advisories/GHSA-33qr-m49q-rxfx Cisco Equipment Affected by Erlang/OTP SSH Vulnerability Cisco published an advisory explaining which of its products are affected by the critical Erlang/OTP SSH library vulnerability https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-erlang-otp-ssh-xyZZy

xorsearch.py: Ad Hoc YARA Rules Adhoc YARA rules allow for easy searches using command line arguments without having to write complete YARA rules for simple use cases like string and regex searches https://isc.sans.edu/diary/xorsearch.py%3A%20%22Ad%20Hoc%20YARA%20Rules%22/31856 Google Spoofed via DKIM Replay Attack DKIM replay attacks are a known issue where the attacker re-uses a prior DKIM signature. This will work as long as the headers signed by the signature are unchanged. Recently, this attack has been successful against Google. https://easydmarc.com/blog/google-spoofed-via-dkim-replay-attack-a-technical-breakdown/ SSL.com E-Mail Validation Bug SSL.com did not properly which domain a particular email address is authorized to receive certificates for. This could have been exploited against webmail providers. https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1961406

It's 2025, so why are malicious advertising URLs still going strong? Phishing attacks continue to take advantage of Google s advertising services. Sadly, this is still the case for obviously malicious links, even after various anti-phishing services flag the URL. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/It%27s%202025...%20so%20why%20are%20obviously%20malicious%20advertising%20URLs%20still%20going%20strong%3F/31880 ChatGPT Fingerprinting Documents via Unicode ChatGPT apparently started leaving fingerprints in texts, which it creates by adding invisible Unicode characters like non-breaking spaces. https://www.rumidocs.com/newsroom/new-chatgpt-models-seem-to-leave-watermarks-on-text Asus AI Cloud Security Advisory Asus warns of a remote code execution vulnerability in its routers. The vulnerability is related to the AI Cloud feature. If your router is EoL, disabling the feature will mitigate the vulnerability https://www.asus.com/content/asus-product-security-advisory/ PyTorch Vulnerability PyTorch fixed a remote code execution vulnerability exploitable if a malicious model was loaded. This issue was exploitable even with the weight_only=True" setting selected https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/security/advisories/GHSA-53q9-r3pm-6pq6

Microsoft Entra Lockout Multiple organizations reported widespread alerts and lockouts this weekend from Microsoft Entra. The issue is caused by a new feature Microsoft enabled. This feature will lock s if Microsoft believes that the for the was compromised. https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/microsoft/widespread-microsoft-entra-lockouts-tied-to-new-security-feature-rollout/ https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/authentication/feature-availability Erlang/OTP SSH Exploit An exploit was published for the Erlang/OTP SSH vulnerability. The vulnerability is easy to exploit, and the exploit and a Metasploit module allow for easy remote code execution. https://github.com/exa-offsec/ssh_erlangotp_rce/blob/main/ssh_erlangotp_rce.rb Sonicwall Exploited An older command injection vulnerability is now exploited on Sonicwall devices after initially gaining access by brute-forcing credentials. https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2021-0022 Unpatched Vulnerability in Bubble.io An unpatched vulnerability in the no-code platform bubble.io can be used to access any project hosted on the site. https://github.com/demon-i386/pop_n_bubble

RedTail: Remnux and Malware Management A description showing how to set up a malware analysis in the cloud with Remnux and Kasm. RedTail is a sample to illustrate how the environment can be used. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/RedTail%2C%20Remnux%20and%20Malware%20Management%20%5BGuest%20Diary%5D/31868 Critical Erlang/OTP SSH Vulnerability Researchers identified a critical vulnerability in the Erlang/OTP SSH library. Due to this vulnerability, SSH servers written in Erlang/OTP allow arbitrary remote code execution without prior authentication https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/16/2 Brickstorm Analysis An analysis of a recent instance of the Brickstorm backdoor. This backdoor used to be more known for infecting Linux systems, but now it also infects Windows. https://www.nviso.eu/blog/nviso-analyzes-brickstorm-espionage-backdoor https://blog.nviso.eu/wp-content/s/2025/04/NVISO-BRICKSTORM-Report.pdf OpenAI GPT 4.1 Controversy OpenAI released its latest model, GPT 4.1, without a safety report and guardrails to prevent malware creation. https://opentools.ai/news/openai-stirs-controversy-with-gpt-41-release-lacking-safety-report